Improved process for uniting cast-steel or cast-iron with wrought or cast iron surfaces



UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB J. STORER AND JAMES D. WHELPLEY, OF BOSTON, MASS.

lMPROVED PROCESS FOR UNITING CAST-STEEL R CAST-IRON WITH WROUGHT 0R CAST IRON SURFACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 50,976, dated November 14, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES D. WHELPLEY and J A0013 J. STORER, both of Boston, in the county of Suflolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Process for Uniting Cast-Steel and Cast-Iron withWrou ght or Cast Iron, for use in the wearing parts of pulverizing-mills-and quartz-crushers and other machines requiring hard friction or'batterin g surfaces toughly united; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same.

The nature of our invention is as follows: In casting iron or steel about wrought or cast iron cores or skeletons of plate, bars, or wire a difiicnlty occurs which, with certain kinds of metal, is almost insurmountable. The surface of ..the- -core,- plate, barges-wire bein g always slightly corroded by the actionof the atmosphere, the carbon of the cast-iron, coming in contact with it at a'white-heat, reduces the rust and forms carbonic oxide, which honeycombs the cast-iron in cooling and makes it frail and unserviceable. Ourinvention has succeeded in obviatingthis difficulty, first, by coating the core with a non oxidizable metal; secondly, by the use of a special combination of metals for the most perfect casting.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our said invention, we will now proor in the presence of moisture.

If we use tin for a cover, the wrought-iron core or the casting is first cleaned in the usual manner and then immersed in a bath of molten tin, which effectually protects it from rust by becoming incorporated with the surface of the, iron.

A thin coating of silver we consider preferable to tin, were the expense equal, for the reason that silver is less liable to atmospheric rust. A covering of copperor silver may be used upon perfectly-cleansed wire or plate of iron, which may beapplied by rubbing with a sponge dipped in a solution of chloride or cyato forestall the formation of atmospheric oxide on its surface. The cores thus prepared are placed in the sand or cast-iron mold and molten cast-iron poured about them in the usual manner for the formation of chills.

The molten cast-iron itself should be a mix- 1 ture of several kinds of metal, such as manganese, zinc, and iron, to which maybe added, as occasion serves, a small percentage of tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, or other suitable metal, to give toughness and hardness. We consider the best combination attainable'at present to be as'follows: fro'm'ten to twenty per cent. to per cent.) of franklinite pigiron, which contains a portion of manganese and zinc, and from eighty to ninety per cent. to per cent.) of ordinary gray cast-iron. it will be found that the alloy ot the three metal'smanganese, iron, and zinc--thns obtained by the mixture of the franklinite or manganese pig-iron with the ordinary pig metal adheres more closely to the wrought or cast iron core and produces a harder and more serviceable chill than any other at present known; but we are confident that further research with pig metal containing titanium or tungsten will give as good or better results than that developed with franklinite. Cast steel, semi-steel, and Bessemer steel, so called, can also be attached to wrought or cast iron in a similar way.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States;

- 1. Covering with some metal not easily oxidized iron cores, either wrought or cast, perforated plates, wire, or bars, when it is desirable to coat such cores with or firmly attach them to cast iron or steel previous to pouring .upon them the molten metal, and for the purorchlo'ride of copper or silver, rendered alkaline by alkaline cyamdes and chlorides, and of chemically-analogous solutions of tin and other metals, for the'pnrpose of depositing the thin not easily oxidizable metallic film required'in this process.

3. The alloy of iranklinite metal (itself an alloy of zinc, manganese, and iron) with (3011]- mon cast-iron, in the proportions of from ten to twenty per cent. (10 to 20 per cent.) of the formet to eighty or ninety per cent. (80 to 90 per cent.) of the latter, also similar alloys of iron with zinc and molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, manganese, and other metals, when the proportions of manganese indicated in the above alloy are replaced by equivalent propor- 

